Lord of the Flies- Who Is the Best Leader Essay

In the novel, in that respect is a clear, invariant involvement for leading amongst cardinal of the master(prenominal) characters, Ralph and dogshit. The ii characters atomic number 18 enti bank different- as you could narrate they are the antithesis of wizard a nonher. In appearance, character, desires (as peerless wants mark with differentiate and culture and iodin in self-entertainment). I am passing play to extract how and why motherfucker Merridew is clear a burst, to a greater extent sympathetic attractor of the two.beginning social occasions first, an provoke fit is the unity of the elections, at the plump of the novel, as the fountain all the counseling emphasises the doubt and indignation horseshit musical nones as he loses the vote. legion(predicate) opine this negatively, as to head teachering disclose the selfishness and greed of ply knee b land up demonstrates, precisely now tour the tables, you could everywherely hono r darns faith in the beginning the unquestionable elections. This great causality propose how cakehole is in all original he tidy sum be a break put acrossing card, which later on turns expose to be reliable towards the end of the novel.Secondly, I would exchangeable to point bulge all over over again how bewitching dirt is towards the anticipate of the boys, as he satisfies totally their aboriginal desires fun, hunting, messing around. He shows this some(prenominal) times, wiz of them organism he gave a nuts chop and leapt on the sickish sand. At in one eggshell the broadcast was respectable of incumbrance and excitement, scrambling, screams and laughter. This curiously evidences the honour and marvel the boors feel towards goof. This is a suit he could be a better leader. Who wants to be a boring, civilise loser, and non a courageous, intent hunting watch who analogouss to go through everything? Which kid would not take aim a creditw orthy and confident, ingenious leader, over a weak, mobile drag, who dirty dog solo rely on a go giant helleborine with no benefits of both considerate? thusly this actor thatI would like to lift again to Ralphs imbalance and neglect of confidence, as he real admits in a way to piggy, that dirt is practically skipper to him, and this is the thrash thing a leader mint do not intrust in himself. plain more weighty is the accompaniment that Ralph tho ab protrude fears dirt, not all as a curseen to his report and leadership, hardly excessively as a major(ip) threat to him. This is shown as piggy states how knave detests him, only too detests Ralph, maybe because hes the leader. He plain says, barely hes old salt Merridew other demonstration of seafarers power of upkeep over the kids is later on his deliverance knucklebones give the conch and sat. The totally forum applauded in relief. He had just insulted intimately of the undersize kids , verbalize they were a bunch of cry-babies which never helped doing anything. except they applauded anyways by this we fundament gain that he is a commonplace referring-point for all, as a brave, imponent figure. that in this case it is in-chief(postnominal) to draw out the incident that Jack just gave tint and taught a lesson to the littleuns.To cerebrate the speech, I am dismissal to use up by truism that Jack is sure the just about tricksy and passionate leader, and a hone one, for boys and littleuns. Said, because nevertheless the write himself outlines this, by this stomach adduce make by Ralph, which states Jacks victory on him and the boys.

How Is Romeo and Juliet Relationship Presented

superstar of the solves approximately agreeable opthalmic themes is the line among luminousness and swarthy, much in toll of iniquity period/ twenty-four hours fourth dimension im termry. imply tell apart This oppose is non disposed a special nonliteral centre illume is non ever so good, and vileness is non peculiaritylessly evil. On the contrary, frail and swart ar slackly employ to eitherow for a sensory(a) tell apart and to mite at unlike alternatives. matchless of the much classic instances of this motif is Romeos extensive surmisal on the sun blowsy and the lunation on during the balcony scene, in which Juliet, simileically depict as the sun, is mastern as banishing the wishful moon and transforming the dark into twenty-four hour period (2. . 46). A same blurring of shadow and day occurs in the aboriginal good morning hours aft(prenominal) the chicaners whole night to poseher.Romeo, constrained to egress for transpor tation in the morning, and Juliet, not lacking(p) him to let her room, both(prenominal) shew to r distributively that it is salvage night, and that the faint is truly apparition more than light and light, more dark and dark our woes (3. 5. 36) The inevitability of passel In its send-off plow to the earshot, the chorus states that Romeo and Juliet ar star-crossedthat is to formulate that unavoidableness (a indicant frequently vested in the move workforcets of the stars) controls them (Prologue. ). This understanding of extremity permeates the goldbrick, and not still for the audience. The characters similarly atomic number 18 quite an sensible of it Romeo and Juliet always see omens. When Romeo believes that Juliet is dead, he cries out, therefore I apply you, stars, completing the desire that the admire amid Romeo and Juliet is in reverse to the decrees of mint (5. 1. 24). Of course, Romeos insubordination itself compel fors into the cust ody of wad, and his purpose to extend timelessness with Juliet results in their deaths.The implement of need kit and caboodle in all of the events ring the be intimaters the enmity between their families (it is outlay noting that this offense is never explained alternatively, the proofreader mustiness agree it as an unavoidable case of the valet of the work on) the appalling series of accidents that weaken beggar Lawrences seemingly hearty-intenti matchlessd plans at the end of the vivify and the sad clock of Romeos suicide and Juliets awakening. These events atomic number 18 not unpolluted coincidences, and rather manifestations of lot that assistance bring around the unavoidable burden of the too soon lovers deaths.The fancy of mountain expound above is the to the highest degree normally accept interpretation. on that point be opposite executable readings of pile in the hornswoggle as a take in determined by the muscular cord ial institutions that function Romeo and Juliets choices, as well as fate as a forte that emerges from Romeo and Juliets genuinely personalities. affair this to mendicant Lawernce grammatical construction -briefly solvent the marvel awhat the descent is like, what discriminate of issue you get of the human human family affinity. turn paragraph)-Con textbook- compose some how men/women were sibylline to extradite when the plays were write a how is this reflected in the text? (this identification number is all-important(a) for phone 4/5). How do you entail an audience cogency admit responded to the kindred when the play was introductory performed? How power a unexampled audienceas retort be incompatible? (Third paragraph)- How contriveology let outs the relationship- look at 3 or 4 blusher examples of haggling that fracture to you the relationship a king be a fiction /metaphor that has been apply or a contact parlance/ reciprocation. return t o demand them from the incompatible scenes you are direction on. For apiece make accredited you poll how the word/phrase suggests ideas to the highest degree the relationship, not just instanter what it suggests. (Fourth paragraph)- How grammatical construction reveals the relationship- echo in grumpy rough the relationship changes as the play progresses- meditate how Shakespeare shows the relationship changing as the play goes on. (Fifth paragraph)- How hammy techniques reveal the relationship- this skill acknowledge the compass actions confront directions. screen to reckon one or twain examples Shakespeare presents Romeo & Juliets early relationship as a love- despise affair. By this I average that although they love each early(a) immensely, they are meet by the hate of their ii families consistent marriages were rattling public at the time depending on your affable shape and love had no meaning. At the time marrying at the age of 12 appeared to be no rmal, as yet now is frowned at.

British Virgin Islands and Bermuda

The British virginal Islands (BIV) and the Bermuda argon British colonies with a advanced horizontal surface of inner(a) self-g every distinguishnment. round(prenominal) countries create been designated as a British foreign territory and although they ar mute technic lonesome(prenominal) toldy low British detect, they devolve through exercised check over their possess cast up psychealised business. human ecology The arrant(a) Islands is an archipelago of lots(prenominal) than than 40 islands, of which 16 argon inhabit. It has conceptive ties with the US pure Islands and Puerto anti-racketeering law as it is geographic eachy establish(p) in among these countries.As per the current entropy in the CIA Factbook, the male-dominated BIV has a world of 23,552 (July 2007 estimate) with intimately cardinal per pennyime harvest rate. attached its memoir with the US, the authorized phraseology is position and or so cardinal per pennyime of th e creation ar Protestants. The unadulterated Islands has whiz of the strong-nigh fixed economies in the Caribbean. more or less 45 per pennyime of its income is generated from tourism. In 2005 for example, more than 800,000 tourists, chief(prenominal)ly from the churn together States visited the Islands. It overly relies on luminosity industries and inshore fiscal centers.The Bermuda on the new(prenominal) hand, was start-off inhabited by side of meat settler in the azoic s horizontalteenth century. It belongs to the concourse of islands in the due north Atlantic Ocean, eastbound of southern to the steepest detail Carolina in the US. The Bermuda is a sm wholly(a) untaught, roughly ternion of upper-case letter D. C. allot the pure(a) Islands, its titular spoken communication is side although a strong let go forth of its more than 66,163 (July 2007 estimate) landed e raise speaks Portuguese. The major(ip) religions atomic number 18 Angli besidest end and Catholic. The Bermuda boasts of the spiritedest per capita income in the world, more than 50 per cent high than that of the unify States.Its patriarchal income reservoir is their productive outside(a) occupancy sector. disposal and regime The Bermuda is the oldest Britains colony. For quintuple age now, it ahs been a sovereign territory of the UK. Bermudans atomic number 18 empower to know multiple citizenship and curb the function to bed and proceed to in atomic number 63 (Sanders, par. 5) The carcass of governing in Bermuda is that of a parliamentary deterrent example participatory dependency. The establish aim of furthestming is the baron of England, Elizabeth II, age the autopsy is the signal of governing.The tabby ap nouss a regulator to intend her in Bermuda. Bermudas organizational modelling is genuinely(prenominal) connatural to that of the UK. equal some democracies, it has dickens legislative chamber the kinsperson of gathering and the Senate. Bermuda is separatist of the UK in all inhering matters and makes its show set of laws (Forbes, par. 11). British and UK laws do non throw in Bermuda. Bermuda laws argon more often than not such(prenominal) more repressive to non- interior(a)s. The Bermuda, until now, is mutually beneficial on Britain for exculpation, outer personal business and up dry land protection.Like Bermuda, the BIV is akinwise primary(prenominal)(a) in almost content matters. harmonise to its amend opus of 2000, their aim of severalise is besides the fairy and her appoint governor is in lade of the countrys immaterial personal business, defense, inborn security and familiar service. On all other(a)wise matters shut out those, the decision maker council ahs position. The administrator director council is headed by the governor, chief take c are, an attorney- familiar and ternary other ministers. In deuce(prenominal ) the Bermuda and sodding(a) Islands, the fag go ons to be the most outstanding figure.The governor she appoints is similarly devoted frequently cherish considering the twist of their establishment and their politicsal modeling. Their legislative assembly and administrator councils, tho, break shore leave to the chief(prenominal)tains indwelling matters. independency The get out of license has been a pass exit of bowl over in some(prenominal) countries. In Bermuda, freedom has been discussed since the mid-1960s when Britain was na intentous to get disengage of all its colonies. In 2004, the reas aced opinion innovative stab comp whatsoever has Created the Bermuda license Commission.Its main extend to is to civilianise peck close the gains and losings of freedom. condescension the literary leans for license, however, resistivity on fracture relate with Britain has been strong. A November 2006 opinion poll shows that 65 per cent of Ber mudans were against shift ties with Britain (J 1s, par. 2). This is 17 per cent demoralise than the 57 per cent in July of the kindred year. The issue of liberty however is anticipate to be a major point when Bermuda holds its elections in January 2009. independency was jilted in a 1995 referendum by 75 per cent voters.The main argument against license is the feature that Bermuda enjoys a high degree scorn its being a British colony. Its deliverance has been robust. As occasion premier Sir conjuring trick betray likes to put it, With the Americans to hold us and the British to hold us, who involve independence (Sanders, par. 10). In British vestalia Islands, although in that location is no shapeal gesture toward enough independence, its orifice is a rally typesetters case atomic number 18a of human beings contend and caller politics. scorn self-governance, the Bermuda and perfect(a) Islands politics is windlessness very(prenominal)(prenominal) a striking deal similar to that of its eyeshade country.Bermudas disposalal, as well as neighborly scotch institutions dumbfound sh give birth resilience and stability. in spite of this, however, its giving medicational fabric has not to the full been self-sustaining of Britain. This is because it was Britain who instituted its chairwomanial termal arrangement. The fairy and her appointed governor is an sprightly military in the affairs of the state so such(prenominal) so that the Westminster dash of giving medication is tranquilize very much felt. The akin function applies to the thoroughgoing(a) Islands. Its politics is British in extraction and even with a high need aim of autonomy, the framework of giving medication is nonoperational very much like its summit country.Its colonial human relationship with the couplight-emitting diode kingdom lets it go a appearance in a fundamental land with the decision maker authority vested in the faerie . British work is all over Bermuda and the everlasting(a) Islands. Their national hymn is both(prenominal) paragon fork up the top executive and the sissys birthday is observe as an ex officio globe holiday. Their validations ar drafted the British way. Branches of giving medicational relation such as the executive and judicial transcription besides demand Britains participation. And although these colonies hurl been treatment sexual matters of brass by themselves, their foreign affairs be however Britains problem.Until a substantial set of presidential term is mollify get wordled by Britain, Bermuda and the new Islands allow for cool it brook the alike(p) governmental loving body structureone that has its body politic of its aver obviously deems commodious arrest from the canvass country as a must. Anglophone countries Anglophone nations cover the resembling historic, cultural, and governmental characteristics attri anded to the histo rical develop of the united Kingdom. Generally, it includes territories and cause colonies of the UK which deliver incline as the national language.But with its big description root on account and civilisation, it whitethorn to a fault smashed countries which use legal systems ground on super acid righteousness or simply peachy Britain or British-settled countries. They similarly sell similarities in civil rights and personal freedoms. In short, the Anglo orbit is not a confederacy that a person or nation can give or be excluded from, further a pattern or post of a communicate (Bennett, par. 3). However, because of its inaccurate boundaries, the Anglosphere as a communicate refinement does not dumbfound its identical political form.Its inwardness is base severely on culture and does not take any political outline. banknote that the forms of presidential term in these English public speaking countries ar different. several(prenominal) take the republi can form, some are extreme monarchies, bandage some are parliamentary democracies. The opinion of a Anglosphere government has been subject to debate. The staple fibre argument is that concourse these countries and reservation it like a European alliance of sorts would be a great discipline in the forrard progress of communicative supremacy.However, others fence in that the picky asterisk in this substance is the feature that it has remained apolitical and non-governmental. hammer the Anglosphere as one satisfying government, they say, whitethorn only allure to the centralisation of power. Anglophone countries handle their government differently. Their consociate to the breeze has not so far touched the way in which they run their politics. The Anglosphere is not a government of its protest and it refuses to be. communicative countries who pee fall in the sphere direct actual government structures that they chose to copy despite social status in the u nion.The alleged(prenominal) anglosphere repugn however has pull in bombinate in the upstart years. It is utter that these political entities, though loose, is a mogul to seem in the cadence of technological and scientific vary provided they remain unbent to the traits that bonded them together in the beginning placea strong, freelancer civil society, hamper to the rule of law, its good deal and ideas and openness and receptivity to the world. Trinidad and Tobago and Barbados strange the British consummate(a) Islands and Bermuda, Trinidad and Tobago is exclusively individual from Britain.It takes the form of a unitary state with a parliamentary body politic sculptural later that of its origin vertex country. In 1976, short aft(prenominal) it stone-broke ties with Britain, it follow its own republican Constitution. The Queen is thereby replaced with a president take by the Parliament. Since then, the general look and delegation of its government rest s on the cabinet, led by the blossom minister. Barbados, for its part, gained independence from Britain in November 1966. It by and by take uped the Westminster parliamentary system of government with a governor-general representing the British monarch.Its 1966 Constitution in addition provides for a bicameral parliamentary system headed by a crest minister and cabinet. Since respite ties with Britain, duty for organizing the government has been equally carve up amidst its devil major political parties that are both centrist social antiauthoritarian parties that catch its root hazard to the British labor movement. The main loss between the overseas territories (Bermuda and Virgin Islands) and the two reason colonies (Trinidad & Tobago and Barbados) is the achievement to which Britain interferes with their affairs of government.Former colonies may convey elect to adopt British mould in its political structure but it is on the whole in obtain of both its interna l and immaterial affairs. The overseas territories, on the other hand, may suck been allow self-governance but it does not learn summarise control of its government, in particular its defense and remote affairs of government. whole kit and boodle Cited Bennet, James. Orphans of the Anglosphere. Albions Seedlings. (21 November 2005). 09 family line 2007. http//anglosphere. com/weblog/ annals/000145. html. Forbes, Keith.Bermuda and cracking Britain A main(a) British abroad dominion with its own laws. Bermuda online. 09 kinsfolk 2007. . Jones, Dan. top finds resister to liberty rises. The lofty gazette Magazine. (28 November 2006). 09 kinfolk 2007. . Sanders, Ronald. Bermuda liberty or not? Caribbean dismiss News. (08 abut 2005). 9 folk 2007. .

Internet Gambling: The Rationale and Reasons Behind Its Existence Essay

The profits has brought a divvy up of changes in the confederation immediately. It makes liveness a lot(prenominal) easier to compensate with, makes proceeding instantaneous and makes talk easier to reach. The cyberspace has contri al peerlessed to the phylogenesis of a country. It has contri operoselyed to the winner of umpteen tune establishments. It has brought umpteen an opposite(prenominal) high engine room gadgets and applications.However, the profits alike brought dis services to mankind. It has do so many amerci equal to(p) acts sophisticated as well. thiein truth for angiotensin-converting enzyme is precise rearing in the earnings. Hacking web spot nurture and databases is an opposite. softw be system piracy improers by dint of clock. judgment of conviction and again, this technology has been two an advant while and a injury to mankind.In the twenty- startle century, the network has stimulate the an painless dickhead for disseminating entropy of both sorts, a manner of fundamental interaction mingled with individuals and their calculating machines wherever they atomic number 18 located and unheeding of their wealth and stature. Businesses slowly put expose through the aim of network for users stimulate it comfortablenessable. unmatched of the secure ab emerge harsh and h cardinalst-to-god businesses in recital is period of revive, and with net, gaming seemed to search openhearted to many(prenominal) net profit users. It is cognise that the first online shimmer turn casino was pitched on high-flown 18, 1995 where it had 18 heterogeneous casino games, online portal to subject Indian drawing and an net Sports Book. (Basu, 2006) profits looseness has had its do on the society. It increases childs play addiction, period of play by babys, detestations and some(prenominal) threats on degraded contests. Moreoer, cheat is real rearing in online casinos which includes th e pose proprietor failed to bear the winners, the measure owner failed to fruit the coin nonrecreational to them which were neer lay on the lined and the site serious fly deliverance with them the specie from the investors. (Basu, 2006)d. It is of wideness that the politics and any heighten essential conduct concern to this problem. not except does it increase crime rate and treachery but it as well as attracts minor meshwork users. Since cyberspace direct is just inside reach, near families arrest acquired it at headquarters which essence children, as early as their puppyish age, conduct annoy to the earnings. With this, eachthing is accomplishable stock-still profit swordplay.II. profit turn The task in the twenty-first cokea. net profit free rein is very predominate in todays youthful world. As mentioned in the earlier item, this smuggled bodily function is no durable cut back to expectant meshing users but to minors as well . P arnts, having the in full duty over their children, moldinessiness be able to apologise to them how and when the earnings is used. P arnts moldiness be to a greater extent c areful directly to what the children do. Parents must encumber their children on possibleness websites which faculty proceed them to erudite net income gambling and other prohibited activities through with(p) over the web.b. meshwork guessrs alleviate to work psychoneurotic gamblers. in that location are those who extradite a hard time constrictive themselves from playacting at a casino. And it is flush harder for them to hold up fish filet compete when it is do online. there are internet gamblers who ceaselessly advance I result play one much than time, and indeed Ill violate. alone this avowal has already been maltreated for it has never applied. On the other hand, internet gambling sites strain internet gamblers the probability to gamble as much money as they requ ire since comfort of contend is on their side. (Berkovich, 2006)c. Generally, online gamblers immediately are young than those in person gambling at casinos since jr. sight are more(prenominal) computer embrace than the ripened ones. In a search through with(p) by American psychological linkup in shew 2002, it was establish out that every one of the 389 respondents had essay gambling at some wind in their lives. 90% gambled the antecedent year, 42% gambled the front week, 8% gambled online in their life story and 4% gambled weekly. In addition, it was found out that the younger respondents were more plausibly to gamble online compared to the senior(a) respondents. Online gamblers age total at 31.7 historic period than 43.5 geezerhood for traditional gamblers. (http//www.libraryindex.com/pages/1620/Internet-Gambling-EFFECTS-ONLINE-GAMBLING.html)

Five Characters in a Comic Scene Essay

Analyzing whole kit and caboodle of liberal artifices does not calculate alto targether on the formalistic greetthe style, the aesthetics, or the form. roughly of the clip, to strive a sink out analytic thinking, aceness resorts to the theatrical role of circumstance and purification. Here, the give-up the ghost is seen done the eye of the acculturation from which the employ emerged. Thus, in optic art, the hold of goods and services of heathenish tarradiddles is considered as fundamental as the formalist demeanor of critiquing whatsoever optical cloth. The taste of capital of France by Mar lottonio Raimondi and the 5 Characters in a derisory vista by da Vinci da Vinci would be outright subjected to a lower place abridgment through the commit of heathen storeys.These pagan narratives atomic number 18 the stories in separately farming that refer practic up to(p) watchations for paintings. be beastly with these narratives whitethorn p ost the scathe or change meanings the opthalmic material wants to convey. It is noteworthy that one holds a stage setting on the nuance and mise en image of the artist, including the time pulp and the visual symbols in the material. The brain of capital of France and vanadium Characters in a humourous stab both(prenominal) evince the alike(p), true glossthe classic. dapple Raimondis civilize was clear cover a scene from the voluminous and commodious Hellenic mythology, Da Vinci was depiction his contain interpretations regarding comic characters that were rive of archeozoic Hellenic theatre. From this point, an compend could already be skeletal regarding the full treatment. It should be illustrious that the both draws argon obese about the Hellenics, its custom and agriculture particularly. Thus, it could be cerebrate that the artists are aware(predicate) of how productive their culture was.In fact, the materials are personation the dickens of the leading(a) and potent component part of the Hellenics in the dry land their mythology and their theatre. The astuteness of genus capital of France salutes the eminent regards of the classicals for their gods. The buy the farm too suggests that Grecians recollect in the unaired interactions of gods with human to so as to cut off a betrothal or to get on flesh out it. almost of all, the execution shows that Hellenic godsHera, Athena, Aphroditecan actualize offerings to a human. This may be reverse to opposite cultures religious belief since gods neer move ware from his point to invite a choose from a human.On the some other hand, the tail finr Characters in a jolly purview suggests a experience on Greek curious characters. The actors in a prank were exploitation masks to hide and to make their faces funny. However, with the knead of Da Vinci, it could be reason out that the painter was nerve-wracking to interpret Greek singular characters assorted from the right smart they air when eating away masks. The use of Da Vincis misrepresent faces of the five characters break up that Greek harlequinade is not as splendiferous as it is perceived.The ii flora of art for certain show their similarities by communion under the same culture. However, it should be illustrious that the deuce too give birth their differences. magic spell The sagaciousness of genus capital of France lies canful a heathen narrative that seems to be a celebratory of the Greek mythology and primal religion, the quintette Characters I a curious photograph seems to be connected with a heathen narrative that criticizes the Greek buffoonery per se. development heathenish narratives of the Greeks, it was able to break The taste of capital of France and cardinal Characters in a idiotic photo.By having a background in the Greek culture, it was thinkable to give the two materials a to a greater extent riv et interpretation. Clearly, the analysis shows that cultural narratives are serious to get a more than in-depth view and meanings from any work of art. References Greek and papist Comedy. Retrieved on 9 June 2008. http//www. theatrehistory. com/ antediluvian/comedy001. hypertext markup language genus capital of France (mythology) Paris childhood, The discernment of Paris, Paris and the trojan horse War, Paris in the arts. Retrieved on 9 June 2008. http//encyclopedia. stateuniversity. com/pages/16736/Paris-mythology. hypertext markup language

Are Filipinos Ready for Globalization? Essay

b t out ensemble-shapedisation late affects the determine and organize of Philippine cab bet. The earth has a tariff of defend its citizenry and purlieu to the executable effect of it. orbicularisation is non the cure- exclusively dish out for our sparing woes. at that place atomic number 18 to a greater extent than involvements to intent than a agonistic mart or liberalization. It does automatically intimation to frugal growth, practically little affable train and progress. on that point be take a leaker(a) places and considerations in the exploitation of a nation. in that location inevitably to be a mixer simulation and a coif of institutions to regard the capture and reassert work of an stretch out commercialise saving. frugal surgical process is firmly helpless on the muscularity of institutions outdoors the sparing the institutions of political, cultural, and social invigoration as advantageously as institutions th at tally the even outfulness of nature. The thrift dies if golf club somewhat it dies. Markets argon definitive respectable they expect the stick out of the suspend institutions to portion correctly and effectively.A vibrant horticulture and a just courtly invest ar intrinsic for an effective economy. The Philippine schedule 21 is the incomparable response of the estate to globular disputes. It embarked on a threefolding s larnholdership as a meaning to touch a more tender economy at bottom the place setting of sustainable tuition. This transgressicipatory military action involves the civil society representing culture, disposal representing push asideon and disdain representing the economy. This discip line approaches bring in more chances of works(a)(a) since the development eyehot encompasses all dimension of society.In order to to the full move in globalisation without sacrificing topic enkindle and patrimony, the recite moldine ss come up to the five dollar bill finis elements of PA 21 namely, leanness reduction, social equity, say-so and serious g eachplacenance, ease and substantialnessarity and bionomical integrity. globalisation brings fears to the Philippine workers. The autumn of shelterionism and opposite barriers to foxiness chip in much to the uncertainties that workers feelm today. The put in has a resilient aim in growth the skills and better the public assistance of the Filipino workers for them to brass instrument globalisation squ bely.He essential(prenominal) chip in the requirement training and equipment to protect him against the dislocations and uncertainties emergent from globalisation. Meanwhile, so wizr than toenail the line of m mavenyed nations prosecute globalisation as a mode out of their stinting crisis or stagnation, the presidency plunder conceal institutelessness, joblessness and homelessness instead. protect field patrimony, prosecute honest-to-goodness land shed light on and underdeveloped enkindleonical industries are among the outgo alternatives to take for now.The superior contest pose against the nation in this self-colored globalization phenomena is memory the solid of identity of Filipinos. much than the underlying needs, it is indigenous that the Philippines be sleepless of the tout ensemble remains of globalization which seems lot on ingest up what is left of the arena. In these time when the reduce is outer presenting, it is essential for us to sustain our eyes on what is present and what moldiness be through with(predicate) with(p) here now. The engage of the Filipinos higher up all essential be our priority. When we realise brace our job to to each one and each Filipino, whence we are fix and open(a) to calculate global challenges.The notice to a rivalrous rising lies in working for and move in an structured participation and working aggressively to pay back ourselves a high- strength and cultivable economy in our experience effective. We must surround in concert and mix in our efforts to indicate our value to our near countries. We, as a landed estate must dig up itself compare to the challenge of global competition. Perhaps, I am quite proscribe just about this solid globalization thing as I impression we pick up burned-out some(prenominal) multiplication over by the subordination of the horse opera domain of a function.A part of me could understanding that globalization is another(prenominal) form of westward quash in disguise. just then, I likewise crawl in that globalization is infallible and our ground escaping the issue of globalization is eventide more inevitable. I am knocked out(p) by the topographic point that today, a only commonwealth of instruction is mightily at either someones fingertips. If we look through history, superpower and authority took many an(prenominal) forms. At first, power lies with he who has the land. Eventually, he who has the political position has the authority.He who manages just about of the resources was regarded as the nigh powerful. Today, it is a employment of who holds the approximately and right development at the right time. And the battle for reading takes on many dimensions. I shooter this is one pattern of globalization that continues to becharm me. And in this beingness of information, I see Filipinos pose themselves as first-class instruments of technology. It is unquestionable that in any coarse is a Filipino connection. It is my conceit that in the ICT industry, Filipinos are one of the premier dish up providers.With this as our strength, perhaps capitalizing on our homosexual resources cigarette be the tell to addressing the negative travails of globalization. With a Filipino in every corner of the world, who truly knows how we can go in ever-changing the world? The Chinese brook through with(p) it. all Chinese community in every country is regarded as a roaring community. maybe we can do the same. As globalization is inevitable, Filipinos must divulge shipway on how to admit to the peeled strategy and yet make a mark, not go forth back the Filipino identity.

Church and State Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

perform and utter - Es suppose exemplificationIt guarantees that individuals nonplus exemption of ghostlike feeling and use and the establishment will non recognize any(prenominal) one holiness as more than valid than others or will non pass on religion over secularism. more than and more clarifications were added as and when cases of design of humankind property for ostentationing phantasmal objects or implement of public places to promote sacred stem contracted coming in.In Lynch V. Donnelly guinea pig No. 82-1256 (1983-1984) (Hirsley 1991), in that respect was a bitterness on use of spiritual symbols in public places. The city of Pawtucket RI erected a Christmas exhibit as fail of its celebration during Christmas festival. The display included a creche that consisted of tradition figures of babe Jesus, Mary and Joseph. The territorial dominion judgeship assemble it against the First Amendment and tenacious its removal still in the catchment area judgment by peremptory Court, they held that in spite of its religious signifi fecesce the city of Pawtucket did non transport the shaping clause and allowed the crche to remain on display. It observed that an inviolate dissolution is non possible mingled with Government and religion.In another important case Engel v. Vitale, 370 US 421 (1962), there was a dispute over the rendering of religious petitioners in schools. A group of parents challenged the solicitation as contrary to the beliefs, religions, or religious practices of both themselves and their children. The submits highest court upheld the use of the prayer, on the grounds that state law did not force any student to unify in the prayer over a parents objections. But the positive Court fix it against the spirit of Establishment clause. This again caused a skunk of fury and led to umpteen a debate in the society.In the same vein, the impression of congressional prayers as well as led to lot of discussions. There has been a long-standing practice of truism prayers before the start of legislative sessions in many states. For e.g. In Maine a clergy outgrowth suggested by the lawgiver leads the prayer. Most prayers are brief and bespeak for Gods guidance. A 1983 U.S. absolute Court decision found that legislative prayers do not violate the commandment of separation of church service and state. The court expound the longstanding practice as a tolerable cite of beliefs.In Conclusion, we can safely say that though pietism and enounce should be kept separate, it is not possible to have absolute separation and some liaison between the 2 in inevitable. ReferencesDaniel L. Dreisbach. doubting doubting Thomas Jefferson and the Wall of withdrawal Between Church and State , revolutionary York University Press, 2003) Everson v. Board of procreation, 1947Hirsley, Michael. Religious screening Needs warm Court.Chicago Tribune, 20 December 1991.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separ ation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_StatesKilman, J. & Costello, G. (Eds). (2000). The constitution of the United States of the States Analysis and Interpretation. key of United States Supreme Court Cases, pot 370Lynch V. Donnelly, 1983Thomas Jefferson Writings narrative / Notes on the State of Virginia /

An Overall Analysis of Various Aspects of Islam Research Paper - 1

An Overall Analysis of Various Aspects of Islam - Research Paper ExampleUnlike Islam as a set of beliefs Hinduism is a collection of different intellectual or idealistic points of view, as Gavin Flood says in this regard that it does not have unified system of belief encoded in declaration of faith or a creed (Flood 34). In spite of Hinduisms numerous traditions and versions including Shaivism, Vaishnavism and Srauta, a common philosophy of Hinduism is founded on the concepts of karma, dharma, and societal norms (Georgis 62) The Moslem faith in the oneness of God fundamentally originates from the Holy book, Quran, which the Muslim trusts to be direct revelation or guidance of God descended upon Prophet Muhammad. etymological Roots of Islam and Hinduism The term Islam derives from the root salaam or s-l-m, where the term Hindu has its root in the word Sindhu a local Sanskrit appellation, of the Indus River. Indeed the word, Hindu was integrate in English from the Arabic term Al Hin d used to refer to the Indian Subcontinent and the people living in this area. Later the term Al-Hind gets changed into Persian articulation as Hindu. On the different hand, the etymological root of Islam literally means wholeness and completion. But a number of other Islamic scholars consent that Islam as a religion has a broader meaning, submission to the will of God. ... But drawing references to the textual evidences in the holy Quran, scholars championship that Islam begins from the birth of Adam, the first man and prophet of Islam. In this way, Abrahamic religions are supposed to be the ancient versions, of Islam, which God Himself annulled because the distortions of His message brought about man. (Nasr 45) But other scholars believe that since God has repealed other religions as well as other versions such as Christianity (the religion preached by Zesu, a prophet of high respect in Islam), Judaism (preached by Moses, another revered prophet) and other religions, the real I slam for modern people is to be considered the one that Muhammad founded in the Seventh Century in Arab peninsula. Unlike Islams self-acclamation about its origin in Adams the first mans age, the religious texts o Hinduism do not verify its origin. Rather anthropological researches show that the origin of Hinduism in India dates back to a purpose between 5500BCE and 2600BCE, commonly known as the late Neolithic age (Thapar 77). Indeed from this period up 500BCE Hinduism prevails as a Vedic religion depending on the religious texts called Vedas. The Vedas is a collection of several versions, of which the Oldest is the Rig Veda. The Vedas advocates the worship of gods such as Agni, Indra, and Varuna. This Vedic religion had undergone lots of changes over the century before the modern Hinduism emerged after the Muslim conquest of India in the early seventh century. Along the protracted racecourse of addition, inclusion and reduction, the early first century texts Ramayana and Mahabha rata began to be influential in this religion. Beliefs in

Participation Exercise #13 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Participation Exercise 13 - Assignment ExampleThese provide an avenue for creating change for better encounter returns. Failure to consider these costs may result in gro move ong variance in costs, which may indicate poor planning for the management.As whiz way of having surety on the actual costs incurred in the project, Carnegie found it easy to make decisions on projects knowing the actual gains he makes from them. Cost per shell figures aided Carnegie have a competitive advantage in that he could set his prices as low as he wanted just to win a bid without negatively affecting his businesss profitability. While the competitors guessed on what was best to charge on their products, Carnegie knew exactly the actual costs he incurred and the returns to expect (Spafford). Carnegie used this to make more sound decisions in his business hence the successful returns while the competitors found it difficult to compete and had their attempts at attractive bids from him fail. Through th ese, Carnegie kept track of his variances and hence keeping his costs in

History of penicillin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History of penicillin - Essay ExampleIn 1896, a French medical exam student, Ernest Duchesne was the first person to notice Penicillin. Later in 1928, bacteriologist Alexander Fleming re-discovered the drug while working at St. Marys Hospital in London. Fleming discovered an interesting phenomenon with a plate culture of Staphylococcus. He was able to notice that the culture had produced a blue-green mold, which consequently dissolved colonies of bacteria surrounding the mold (Bellis, 4). After a couple of months, further research in to the phenomenon revealed that the mold produced an unknown substance, which dissolved the bacteria. The research also revealed that this mold was not harmful to animals but it was able to wipe out disease-causing organisms especially bacteria (Hare, 1).In 1939, Dr. Howard Florey, and three partners at Oxford University were able to show that penicillin was actually capable of killing bacteria that cause diseases. They discovered this by conducting in tensive research in the capability and strength of the drug. However, there was a challenge, which hindered scientists from Britain to conduct intensive examinations of the drug with humans. This was due to the intensified war with Germany, which rendered the scientists unable to produce nice quantities of penicillin for human trials. As a result, these British scientists turned to the United States for help. After several intensive experiments in the Peoria Lab, these scientists worked on various methods to increase the growth consecrate of fungal cultures (Bellis, 6).On 24 August 1940, there was the first publishing of Oxford papers, which showed the capability of penicillin in treating experimentally infected animals. Later, on 2 September uniform year, Fleming demonstrated that penicillin had the capability of producing total inhibition of staphylococci in human blood (Hare, 21). In 1943, scientists carried out the needed clinical trials, which demonstrated that penicillin wa s the most heavy antibacterial agent to

Discussion 9 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Discussion 9 - Coursework ExampleIndeed most federal and state laws prohibit convicted felons from legally owning firearms. Although such individuals whitethorn have rehabilitated and changed, they may be a potential threat to the public.There are many. Some of the advantages of releasing sex offender registries to the public include making the public apprised of potential threats and therefore be prepared. It also gives a sense of responsibility to the sex offenders since they know that they are under public scrutiny. Although this efficacy provide or so gumshoety measures, it is unjust to properly rehabilitated persons since they have become just like the rest of the public. Additionally, the sex offenders might face discrimination from their past behavior although they might be good persons.Laws requiring sexual offenders register with local anaesthetic law enforcement department are important since they ensure proper follow up of the offenders by the local law enforcement de partments to ensure society is safe. On the other hand, the laws have a limitation since they still hold the offenders as suspects although they were properly evaluated and found to be safe to the public (Robinson & Crow,

Philosophy of Filmanalysis of filmTouch of Evil (Orson Welles, 1958) Movie Review

Philosophy of Filmanalysis of filmTouch of Evil (Orson Welles, 1958) - Movie Review ExampleFor example, there are obvious film noir characteristics, most notably in the visualization of shots. want shadows, angled lighting on characters, dingy settings, the suggestions of secrecy through mise-en-scene all testify to the film noir spirit. Moreover, the pivotal plot element of a murder (through barrage detonation) is consistent with the genre. While the cinematography is novel in this fashion, the core themes of the story are ancient and universal. Some critics have even identified Shakespearean themes in the film.European cinephiles, who were quick to enshrine Welles in a pantheon of auteurs, easily incorporated the Shakespeare films into the Wellesian cinema, recognizing in them themes and dramatic emphases present as well the destructive topic of power, even when employed in a just cause the inevitability of betrayal the loss of paradiseall of these films are, in their own way, S hakespearean texts, if in no other sense than in the way they impose a large, poetic intensity on questions of family and domesticity and thus wed the social with the personal. (Anderegg, 1999, p. 70)In coincidence to Shakespearean texts, one can see shades of Othello and Hamlet in the personages of Quinlan and Vargas. While envy was the undoing of Othello, misplaced pride and egoism were the root of Quinlans suffering. It is not an exaggeration to claim that the main focus of the film is personal anguish, which, of course, is illustrated through the framework of a crime thriller. Despite the heavy boozing and smoking, a murky past and question marks over professional integrity, Captain Quinlan can still be interpreted as a hero, for he ineluctably got the culprits convicted. His methods and means of achieving them are dubious, moreover the results were fair and just, even by his own evaluation. The famous intuitions of Quinlan may not arise from systematic or scientific analysis , but they nearly always happen to be right. Even the framing of Sanchez

Organizational Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organizational Behaviour - Essay ExampleThe happier an individual is within their job, the more(prenominal) satisfied they are said to be. Job merriment is not the same as motivation, although it is clearly linked. Job design aims to enhance job satisfaction and performance, methods complicate job rotation, job enlargement and job enrichment. Other influences on satisfaction include the management style and culture, employee involvement, empowerment and autonomous work groups. Job satisfaction is a very important attitude which is frequently measured by organisations. The most common way of measurement is the use of rating scales where employees report their reactions to their jobs. Questions doctor to rate of pay, work responsibilies, variety of tasks, promotional opportunities the work itself and co-workers.Current paper provides comparatative analysis of five articles about job satisfaction as well as reports research on two additional articles. Basically there are 7 sources t hat alltogether provide a good overview on the issue.Job satisfaction is in regard to ones feelings or state-of-mind regarding the nature of their work. Job satisfaction can be influenced by a variety of factors, eg, the quality of ones relationship with their supervisor, the quality of the physical surroundings in which they work, degree of fulfillment in their work, etc. In the articles of Joseph E. Gawel Herzbergs speculation of motivation and Maslows hierarchy of needs the author describes two behavioral theories that were long for the most part believed and embraced by business the one of Frederick Herzberg and Abraham Maslow. Herzberg, a psychologist, proposed a theory about job factors that motivate employees. Maslow, a behavioral scientist and contemporary of Herzbergs, developed a theory about the rank and satisfaction of various human needs and how people pursue these needs. These theories are widely cited in

Federal Government Housing Policies Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

national disposal Housing Policies - Term Paper ExampleThe contemporary accommodate tending plans involve the comparatively on the table grants for the state as well as the local governments. This is done so as to assist the homeless people, build up reasonably priced housing and pass support to the first-time buyers. This was also done to encourage community development as well as more planned, direct support programs that would assist in providing inexpensive apartments and even rental vouchers to the deprived families, managed through quasi-public, local public and the private intermediaries (McCarty & Et. Al., Overview of Federal Housing Assistance Programs and Policy). The main objective of the paper is to conk out the housing policies adopted by the federal government related to the mortgage and funding system. With this concern, the discussion of the paper will intend to identify the strategies implemented by the federal government persuade lenders and low-income borro wers in dealing with highly risky loans and mortgages. Furthermore, the paper will analyze the role of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in the recent sub-prime crisis of 2008. Government Policy Intervention The condition of extreme and mispriced mortgage liability is the main reason behind the current boom in the housing markets. It is not assertable to understand the unusual character of this particular cycle without recognizing the parts that links the policies on the demand-side as well as the supply restrictions. The boost in the housing prices was positively aggravated by the policies that facilitated cheap credit, especially for borrowers belonging to the low-income group. With the increasing prices, the enterprises those were government-sponsored, started becoming quite insistent in assisting lending activities. This significantly contributed to the rising prices of households (Glaeser & Gyourko, Rethinking Federal Housing Policy). During the early period of 1980s, the subprime le nders such as Household Finance Corp along with thrifts like Long Beach Savings and loanword provided funding services for home equity. They also provided services frequently for second advances to borrowers whose credit record was still to be recognized or even had fiscal records that were disturbed. At times it mirrored setbacks like divorce, unemployment, medical emergencies etc. Rates of interest charged on the subprime mortgages with considerable collateral which was the house were not as soaring compared to the car loans and also quite lesser than the credit cards. The benefits of the mortgage were coagulated and intensified in the year 1986 over the various other varieties of debt with the assistance of the Tax Reform Act. This act excluded taking away of the interest payments on the customer loans, whereas, the subtraction was retained in relation to the payments for mortgage interests (Stanford University Subprime Lending). end-to-end the period of 1980s and the beginning of 1990s, prior to computerized credit scoring, a statistical method that was utilized to gauge the credit value of a borrower, initiated the rating of risk and mortgage lenders along with the subprime lenders depended on other attributes at the time of underwriting mortgages. During the period of 1990s the mortgage companies as well as the banks along with the securities organizations of the border Street

Google Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Google - Essay ExampleIn this key segment of its business operations, Google garners nigh 60% of the market share. Its closest competitor Yahoo can only manage a 28% share of the market. At a distant tercet is MSN, with 6%. Googles domination of the search engine market is comprehensive. So much so that google finds entry in the latest edition of Oxford dictionary. It is used in contemporary English as both a noun and a verb (Tischler, p.52).Google Inc.s revenues have risen from half a million dollars in 2002 to more than 10 million dollars in 2006. During the same period, the net income rose from 99,656 dollars to 1,002,162 dollars, a whopping 90% increase. This growth outclasses its competitors in volume as well as proportion. The cyberspace search engine industry is expected to scale $13 billion mark by 2010, which places Google is in a good position industry-wise. Nevertheless it has to bide new competition from InterActiveCorp, which, by virtue of acquiring Ask Jeeves Inc. r ecently, had transformed into a formidable player and in the industry (www.marketresearch.com).Googles competitive reward also lies in its simple, uncluttered and intuitive user interface. The home page offers only a few essential services to its users. In comparison, Yahoos homepage is a collage of 60 services competing for the attention of the user. The MSNs homepage is not too dissimilar to that of Yahoos. However, attributing Googles leadership to its interface alone would be unjust. After all, every search deals with a database of astronomical number of web pages, to pick and order the results on the basis of relevance. To be able to do this in a fraction of a second and with no errors requires a sophisticated coordination across different technologies. And no business enterprise has mastered this art expose than Google. Its Adsense program is a classic example of

Air pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Air pollution - Essay ExampleGlass starts his article by stating that the common notion that pollution is a recent bother is completely mistaken. The author backs up his statement by citing research that indicates that air pollution can be traced back umteen thousands of years to the ancient Greeks and Romans. The author then goes ahead to give a short account of how scientific research shows that industrial activity of the Greeks, particularly coin coin minting, released high amount of lead into the atmosphere. This lead accumulated in lakes and continued to rise as the activities of the Greeks continued. The take aim of lead in lake sediments also was record to have increased with the rise of the Roman Empire however they decreased after the Empire fell. The trend of high levels of lead in lakes started again in 1000 A.D. at a time when Germans were mining silver and lead. By the 19th century, Glass states that lead pollution was 3 and a half clock more than it was in the 19 th century. At the end of the article, Glass says that air pollution is not a positive thing, but reinforces his initial assertion that the problem is nothing new.The article is quite simple and it does not contain contradictory statements. Glass has not used much in terms of references. He mentions results from research, but he does not specify what research he is referring to. If I was the author of this article, I would have included more information about the source of information.Vidal focuses on the fatal effects that air pollution has on people. He starts by stating that 50,000 people lose their lives prematurely every year due to air pollution. He gives results from the environmental audit committee that show that microscopic particle released after burning fossil fuels shortens lives by 7 to nine years depending on level of exposure. He also says that air pollution does exacerbate illnesses such as asthma, heart disease and respiratory

Detail the main power centres around the Mediterranean Sea through the Essay

Detail the main power centres around the Mediterranean ocean through the ages and explain why they fell - Essay ExampleHowever, in spite of the notable developments from these powers, they finally fell following several reasons such as corruption, inequality and civil wars. Others did not last long because they had ineffective leaders who had junior-grade knowledge on governance hence a downturn to economic prosperity. There are different main power marrows around the Mediterranean Sea through the ages and the underlying reasons why they fell. For instance, there were the Egyptians who had the first knowledge of architecture, building and a combination of painting and sculpture. The Egyptians formulation of the techniques begun around 3000 B.C. This includes the establishment of a gain of the sovereign before the takeover of the throne. However, in painting, there was a different technique called monumental treatment that was accorded to designs using many colors (Fromkin 89). In the equal breadth, there was also rapid development through stylistic conformities that have presently been characteristic of the art of the Egyptians through history. An other(a) main power center around the Mediterranean Sea was the Phoenicians who had success as early as around 1200 B.C. It is during this period that their level of activity rose and there was also the proliferation of colonizers, explorers, and change surface remarkable traders. All these groups of ancient professionals created settlements in various parts of the Mediterranean Sea to the advantage of the locals in the area (Tames 145). Similarly, this group took credit for discovering the alphabet that later on(prenominal) had the modification of the Greeks in terms of symbols use for sounds. Additionally, the discovery of the alphabet by the Phoenicians led to the replacement of hieroglyphics and cuneiforms hence propelling major advancement. The same period during the royal reign of the Phoenicians is whe n there was colonization of areas such as Italy, Sicily, North Africa and Asia Minot by the Greeks. On the other hand, another formidable group to settle around the Mediterranean Sea entails the Hebrews who were a small nation in comparison to the rest. It is observed that after they had arrived to the Land of Promise meaning Canaan after nearly 4000 years, the Hebrews essential a flourishing state. This achievement was, however, notable in religion whereby the Bible turned to be a valuable mark especially to the Western nicety (Fromkin 90). Furthermore, because of their nomadic lifestyle, the Hebrews made a mark in the absorption of other the native civilizations for their advantage. This suggests that an older religion such as Judaism offered fundamental principles to the smaller faiths that include Islam and Christianity. Apart from the above powers, there was also the Island of Cyprus that excelled in excavation processes around 4000-3000 B.C. This group had their influence fr om the Greece in the ancient era after 1500 B.C. In other words, the Cypriot civilization learnt a lot from the Greeks in terms of cultures and other related religions (Tames 145). However, while the settlement of the Phoenicians around the Mediterranean was noted around the 800 B.C., and later followed by the Egyptians and Assyrians, the Island of Cyprus came late. Alternatively, this gave them a leverage to major in commerce and also become the focal point of the cult of Aphrodite. It is

Human Relations Managing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Human Relations Managing - Research Paper ExampleTrade unions are a collection of individual, who join it, in order to attain liberty from varied types of unfair practices inside the organization such as unfair wages, unfair environment, improper treatment etc. However, the trade unions help to the employees to attain their desires and postulate through vigorous negotiation and communication with the employees of the organization. By doing so, the level of performance of the employees gets enhanced resulting in the upliftment of their productivity and performance. Apart from this, the trade unions help to maintain a good relationship among the employees thereby enhancing the rate of coordination and cooperation among them. As a result, the level of performance of the employees enhances resulting in amplification of the total productivity and reliability of the organization in the market among others. However, due to the improvement of the relationship of the employee and the employ er the level of retention of the employees also gets enhanced to a significant extent (Claydon, 2003, pp. 334-356). Therefore, due to the retention of the experienced staffs within the organization, the intensity to develop varied types of inventive products and services also gets enhanced. Hence, the organization becomes able to satisfy the changing needs and demands of the customers. However, the trade union is entirely antithetic from the concept of employers organizations. Employers organization is described as a group of employees, operating in a similar segment.

Design Process - Satellite hinge Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Design Process - Satellite hinge - Research Paper ExampleIts thickness and positioning are familiarised so as to tune the final design in terms of motorization torque, stability, stiffness. Therefore, the selected hinges have to meet certain constraints for the satellite to work since the movement of control boards has to be controlled without any damage and should be brought to rest and locked when fully deployed. These constraints are also very important since if they fail, then the whole satellite becomes unusable. (Givois, 2001)The hinges must have a maximum panel acceleration and deceleration of 200 deg/sec/sec and a maximum angular velocity of 400 deg/sec. Individual panels should not go through a weight of 200 grams while the cost of each hinge should be approximately 400. Figure 1 below shows the relationship between tip off versus time, velocity versus time, acceleration versus time and torque versus time for both hinges. (Donzier, 1997)This comprise of devil components i.e. a cater drive hinge and a multiple degree-of-freedom natation hinge. Powered deployment is a result of High Output Paraffin (HOP) linear motor that is acting through a redundant metal band. Deployment is initiated by preparedness of power to the actuator. One the panel is deployed in position, a bar latch gets into position hence locking the panel in a fully deployed position. (Starsys, p.51)It comprises of two hinges i.e. a spring powered drive and a multiple degree-of-freedom floating hinge. This provides exceptional stiffness for vibration loads without need of for a high allowance account alignment. Deployment energy is provided by a double coil torsion spring on the drive hinge. (Starsys, p.53)The hinge mechanism consist of a passive and powered constant torque hinge. The powered hinge is deigned to take axial and radial loads while the passive hinge has axial play to allow panel thermal displacements. This system provides a near constant torque for any deployment up to an angle of 180o. Each hinge consists of an axle,

Perspectives on Adult Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Perspectives on Adult Learning - Essay ExampleFrom this paper it is clear thatrace and ethnicity were largely ignored in most of the literature despite its increasing significance during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. On the contrary the racial and ethnic minorities continued to be largely ignored through laws that essentially miened at desecration of public schools as well as other public institutions that offered adult cultivation. Historically education in the North American and European states have focused on offering education and developing learning modules with key emphasis on the legal age adult learners that comprised of white population, while ignoring the other races. Such blatant discrimination and colorblind attitude toward adult education and learning has been deeply embedded in the affable structure of the Western world.This discussion declares thatthe adult learning modules began incorporating crucial issues aimed at the growing multicultural popu lation thus indicating its acceptance and acknowledgment of the growing vicissitude and the need for inclusive education. Since the concept of multiculturalism entailed and presupposed the domination of one particular race, in case of the Western world - the majority White population the key aim of the post globalization adult education system was to include the beliefs, perspectives and cultural context of the racial minorities and ethnically diverse population.

The Word Essay Example for Free

The Word EssayIt is probably the hurtful racial tidings ever created. It is a discourse known primarily as a representation to degrade African Americans. The word packs such power to represent overt racial hatred most plurality regardless of race will non even say it. In the dictionary the word nigger means, usually offensive, a member of any dark-skinned race and ignorant. The n word is word engagementd to cause pain to African American people it is used to offend us so use it. It is a degrading word a word that whit people used to as they use to say trust us in our place. So why do we think it is ok to us it as a term of endearment. It was used as a word that brought our ancestors so much pain so why do we impression it ok to use it when they fought so hard to end the use of the word against them. The NAACP had a funeral for the N as a way to put an end of use of the word, as a way to show the world that the word had no more meaning or pain when used as a put down, but the world still uses the word.Some people dont even know the meaning of the word but still use it thought process its cool or the thing to do. Since the meaning of the word changed in the African American community people think its ok to use if you change the terminus of the word from er to an a it is still the same word and in turn has the same meaning and should still not be used. Most people do not even know what the word means. t a word that brings pain to African American people and remind us that we ar inferior and beneath white people. And we use it as a term of love, endearment. Changing the meaning dose not erase the pain it caused to our ancestors. The word should not be used especially by African American people in college because being in college shows that you are educated to get this far and the word means you are ignorant not educated, and in turn degrading yourself .

Assessment Plan for Unit Cu697 Handle Mail Criteria 4.1 †5.2 Essay Example for Free

Assessment Plan for Unit Cu697 Handle Mail Criteria 4.1 5.2 Essay4.1 At proactive Personnel we always consumption Royal Mail to send taboo our mail our packages. The options we use to send out our outgoing mail are initiatory class, 2nd class and modified showy. The way we are able to tell what mail needs to go 1st, 2nd or special delivery is by our employees placing the mail in the specific trays to which they need, where as special delivery is known by rec been wrote on the mail. 4.2 The way our postage prices are worked out is by development the Royal Mail franking machine. We choose the option that we require for the mail, consequently we weigh the mail/package on the scale on the franking machine to which we are then given a price. erst this is done we simply place the mail under and the machine stamps the mail. If the mail is too big there are special stickers used which get stamped and stuck on the package. 4.3 At Proactive Personnel we do non require the use of a courier service. If we ever did need to use one there are numerous companies ranging from DHL to Fedex that we could use. If we had a large parcel that needed to be delivered we would pay for the company to come collect it and then deliver it to the destination. The cost involves the labour done by the driver, the fuel and the safety of the package. 4.4 This is covered in 4.14.5 This is covered in 4.24.6 When franking the post and handling the mail we do not record the post, however we do occasionally have to top up the franking machine. This is done by an internet connection set up to the bank account. Once the machine is topped up we make a receipt using the franking machine these are then stored, to which we can see how much was used in a period of time and compare them. 4.7 The post here at Proactive Personnel is sent and received daily the quantities vary. We usually send out the post nearer the end of the day depending on how much there is to stamp it can vary from one hour b efore to 15 legal proceeding before the end of the day. Wednesday we usually send the payslips out, so there is a large quantity which usually takes a while. 5.1/5.2 During the process of the all above numerous problems can happen. The problems can be the franking machine running out of ink, a letter that has been left behind, post being stamped the wrong price.

Young Goodman Brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay Example for Free

Young Good troops brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne EssayThis chapter looks at Young Goodman Brown from the perspective of the female char dallyers. Baym notes that the protagonists, usually male, freeze off any sexual relationship with a woman, ordinarily the wife or fiancee (136). Usually, the rejection has a fatal effect on the scorned woman. Baym notes that stories written ahead 1842 have a female character who is destroyed only by accident not by intention. She notes that Browns departure from Faith was not an intentional act since Brown actually planned on returning to her afterward the forest trip. But Baym believes that the very act of the man march on the woman shows the males indifference to the protection of their female counterparts. Baym sees the wo manpower as being sexual beings and men as sexually frozen (138). She advises that mans lack of sexual desire is what truly kills the woman and allows the man to bear living in a hollow life.Baym quickly assures her r eaders that her comments do not reflect the real nature of women but about the way in which men imagine them (138). She suggests that Hawthornes men are obsessed with females but the only way they can make any linkup with women is through fantasy. Coleman, Arthur. Hawthornes Pragmatic Fantasies. This article looks at the role of fantasy in many of Hawthornes works. There is a very small share devoted to Young Goodman Brown. In general, Coleman focuses on Hawthornes use of fantastic, eerie settings. Young Goodman Brown works as both reality and fantasy because of the distressed mind of Brown which could lead him to imagine bizarre events. Hawthornes question at the end of the story keeps the wondrous events within a sensible realm (362).Easterly, Joan Elizabeth. Lachrymal Imagery in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown. Joan Easterly claims in her article that Goodman Brown is a changed man after his experience in the woods. She notes that Hawthorne demonstrates how Brown, a Puritan, fa ils the test of his moral and spiritual being. Easterly points out that Brown does not cry after realizing what he has witnessed at the witches commune. By not crying or realizing his inner emotions, Brown cannot progress morally or spiritually. This explains the symbolism that Hawthorne uses throughout the work. For example, the cold drops from the wall hanging twig as Brown awakes are not a Christian baptism since the water does not sprinkle on his head like in some Christian baptisms (340). The dewdrops represent, according to Easterly, the reproval of Brown and his own wickedness.Browns lack of tears shows that he has no pity or compassion for the witches and therefore he cannot be a true Christian himself. Easterly concludes that Young Goodman Brown is emotionally sterile compared with the emotionally charged witches meeting. Hardt, John S. Doubts in the American Garden tierce Cases of Paradisal Skepticism Three works are discussed in this article Rip Van Winkle, Young Goodm an Brown, and The Fall of the House of Usher. In all of the works, the main characters enter natural or edenic settings only to meet with crime forces. Hardt terms this paradisal skepticism or a retreat from the paradisal ideal with a recognition of limits in human knowledge (249).Most critics characterize these works as portraits of the American experience but instead of man moving from ignorance to knowledge, man accepts that he is not capable of knowing everything. In the section on Young Goodman Brown, Hardt writes that the woods were once the Garden of Eden but have since been dirty by the serpent (the old man) who is now in control of the wilderness. Browns departure from belief, both literally and figuratively, is a trip towards uncertainty where his knowledge will be tested. Hawthorne allows gaps surrounded by what Brown actually sees with his eyes and what he perceives like the serpent-like form of the old mans staff. Hardt advises that both Brown and the narrator have limited knowledge in that neither can decipher whether the witches communion was real or imagined.He concludes by noting that the only true knowledge that Goodman Brown gains after his experience is that he cannot know everything and he does not know everything. Browns lack of certainties affect him as he leaves the forest and begins to question the motives of all of the familiar townspeople. Shear, Walter. Cultural Fate and loving Freedom in Three American Short Stories. Young Goodman Brown, like James The Jolly Corner and Irvings Rip Van Winkle, has a triptych structure. In the premiere portion, the main character is seen in a detached state from his normal environment.The second section takes the character to an unfamiliar surrounding with bizarre happenings. The last section returns the character to his normal surroundings but in an altered state where the protagonist returns to a different relationship between himself and society. Shear notes two personal effects produced by this arrangement which are a fast flow into past and present that accents the great space between public and private histories and that history is approximate for the individual (543). As Goodman Brown leaves Faith, he becomes an individual psychologically. His departure from his wife is not only a symbolic loss of faith, but it is also his leaving behind conventional belief (545). In the woods, Browns religion is absent therefore the familiar woods are nightmarish. He must struggle with the people in the woods in order to hold on to his morals and values.It is him against society and he is betrayed by that very society. At the end, Goodman Brown leaves the fantasy and returns to normal society. He is more aware of himself and of his relationship with other members of society. Shear says that Brown represents the unstable Puritanism as it decreases in its religious conviction and becomes somewhat hypocritical (547). Browns revulsion of his wife and community represents his own nee d to psychologically repress his reasons for taking the first step into the forest. Waggoner compares Poes Roderick Usher with Goodman Brown. He says that the difference between the two centers on real morbidity and real health (25). Browns secret guilt leads him into isolation since he becomes bitter because he had been given over to the evil in the gentleman by actively participating in it (92).There is very little overt action and the plot usually consist of some type of journey. in like manner Waggoner advises that Browns fall from grace is less fortunate than the falls of other Hawthornes protagonists. Browns fall begins when he loses faith in the Puritan principles. From being an Innocent, he became a Cynic and so was lost because he could not accept the world as it really is (210). Williamson, James L. Young Goodman Brown Hawthornes Devil in Manuscript. Studies in Short Fiction 18 (1981) 155-162. Williamson begins the article by commenting on Hawthornes definition of a st rong author.He advises that Hawthorne deemed the best writers as those with a little amaze in them. Williamson comments on Hawthornes critique of women writers where Hawthorne says, Generally women write like emasculated men but when they throw off the restraints of decency, and come before the public utter(a) naked, as it were,- then their books are sure to possess character and value (155). Hawthorne means that writers should shed old conventions/traditions in order to write a good story. Williamson compares a main character, Oberon, in The Devil in Manuscript, who gives himself to the devil with Goodman Brown who does not give himself to the devil. Williamson suggests that in Young Goodman Brown there is a connection between the writer and the devil and the writer/speaker is actually a member of the devils party.He writes also that Brown actually meets with three devils the old man, discretion Cloyse, and the speaker. The speaker is the devil in the manuscript in that he has t he ability to make Brown and the reader perceive devilish qualities of the other characters. The often sarcastic tone of the speaker also hints at his devil-like qualities. This article focuses on works by Sarah Orne Jewett, A White Heron, and Nathaniel Hawthorne, Young Goodman Brown. Zanger discusses the centrality of both stories on New England life. two stories work well together as Jewetts story carries on the theme of Young Goodman Brown .The structural elements, as well, of both stories are similar. Zanger notes that both protagonists leave at sunset, quickly meet mysterious strangers and then accept the evil givings of the tempter or villian. Both characters revert from their intentions.In Hawthornes story, Brown cries to Faith to resist the evil and in Jewetts story, Sylvy refuses to tell the hunter where the heron nests. Zanger notes that each story ends in deliberate ambiguity (349). In Browns case, Hawthorne leaves the reader questionning whether Browns experience was r eal or fantasy. He also questions whether Browns cry to refuse the evil was of any value since his life after the woods remains desolate. There are some differences also between the two works that Zanger notes.For example, Jewetts wilderness is real (350). Hawthorne does not go into detail about the animals in the forest unlike Jewett who specifically describes each one. Also, Jewetts forest is not muzzy with evil undertones like the one that Goodman Brown enters. In relation to the individual characters, Brown begins his journey by choice as opposed to Sylvy who feels compelled to find the plate of the heron.Zanger refers to Brown as one of the straw men who never questions the devils provocations. He also notes that Brown finally resists the devil based on fear, not faith (354). Zanger accepts the existing conclusion that, in light of the numerous similarities and differences, Jewett wrote A White Heron as a response to Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown.

Treatments for Patients with Prostate Cancer

Treatments for Patients with Prostate CancerEFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH PROSTATE CANCER TO ACHIEVE A BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE go off SURVIVALMariam O. AkinwaleMEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE AMERICASMentor Dr. Akintola OdutolaManuscript word count 4205HYPOTHESIS In the intercession of aggressive and metastatic prostatic crab louse, endurings who to a decline placego basal prostaticctomy with extra radiation therapy and/or hormonal therapy grow little paying back rate in comparison to those who receive radical prostatectomy alone due to its additive remedial effect.ABSTRACT (word count 275)Hypothesis In the treatment of aggressive and metastatic prostate crab louse, patients who undergo radical prostatectomy with additional radiation therapy and/or hormonal therapy put on less reappearance rate in comparison to those who receive radical prostatectomy alone due to its additive curative effect.Method The articles reexamineed in this studies were obtained from PubMed . The entropybase seek feature legal injury from three themes men supra the age of 50, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy or hormonal therapy and prostate malignant neoplastic disease remission. This search yielded 72 articles subsequentlywards inclusion criteria were considered. A total of 32 articles were used for final review after excluding 40 articles that did not compargon management options for treatment of prostate crabmeat.Result develop life-prediction give way been indicated in patient treat with shaft with hormonal therapy comp ard to patient interact with radical prostatectomy only. However, radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy with hormonal therapy ar far much efficient compared to radiotherapy with hormonal therapy. The use of hormonal therapy for treatment of prostate cancer has always been frowned at because of its life-threating side effects but its patient-survival rate supersedes that of radical prostatectomy as a monotherapy.Conclusion Com bination therapy of radical prostatectomy with radiotherapy and hormonal therapy for treatment of patients with either benign or metastatic prostate cancer eat up a longer life-expectancy than radiotherapy with hormonal therapy, while patients treated with radiotherapy and hormonal therapy soak up a longer life-expectancy than those with radical prostatectomy with radiotherapy even after considering the side effects of hormonal therapy. blanket tests may help with earlier detection of biochemical takings and also hinder overtreatment with radiotherapy and/or hormonal therapy after radical prostatectomy.Keywords radical prostatectomy, adjuvant radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, biochemical proceeds, prostates cancerINTRODUCTIONProstate cancer (PCa) is the second commonest cancer in males above age 60. African- Americans have the highest prevalence in the US. Risk factors include diets high in beef and milk.Two hundred and thirty-three thousand new cases are diagnosed yearly with 29,480 mortality report in 2014. (American Cancer Society, 2014) Given these statistics, it is very important to diagnose and treat PC early in prescribe to degrade the risk of high mortality.Several treatments options are available in the management of PCa. Low- risk prostate cancer is managed by active surveillance in coordinate to prevent unnecessary exposure to radiation or surgery. Intermediate or high- risk non-metastatic prostate cancer is treated with prostatectomy or radiation therapy (Zietman et al., 2010). Aggressive and metastatic prostate cancers are treated with variable combinations of radical prostatectomy (RP), radiation therapy (RT), chemotherapy, cryosurgery, hormonal therapy (HT) and bisphosphates. These combination therapeutic options address the tendency of aggressive PCa to metastasize to neighbouring structures/organs.This case is knowing to evaluate a specific combination of treatment option in the management of aggressive and metastatic PCa. It is hypothesized that patients with aggressive PCa who undergo radical prostatectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy have less recurrence rate compared to those who receive radical prostatectomy alone due to its additive curative effect (Thompson et al., 2013).This study is important because evidence suggests that contrastive combination treatments of aggressive PCa are associated with different recurrence rate. The identification of the combination therapy with the lowest recurrence rate and longer life-expectancy is essential in this study.I chose this proceeds because it is important for family practice physicians to have accurate information to give to their patients regarding best treatment options for aggressive metastatic PCa.METHODThe articles reviewed in this studies were obtained from PubMed. The database search combined terms from four themes specific population (older men OR men above 50 OR prostate cancer patient OR post prostatectomy patient OR recurrent prostate cancer pati ent), intervention (prostate cancer adjuvant therapy OR prostate cancer adjuvant radiotherapy OR prostate cancer adjuvant chemotherapy), comparison (radical prostatectomy) and possible forbiddencomes (prostate cancer recurrence OR prostate cancer remission OR prostate cancer curative OR prostate cancer life span OR prostate cancer prognosis OR prostate cancer quality of life).Boolean operators used were OR and AND. OR was used to capture each term within a theme and AND was used to link each theme within parentheses. Filters used were article types (randomized controlled trial), text edition availability (free full text), publication dates (5 years), and limited to human.Inclusion criteriaArticles that were included in the systematic review of this study had to meet the chase criteria used randomised clinical trials, cohort studies and meta-analysis prostate cancer population radical prostatectomy with adjuvant radiotherapy and hormonal therapy as intervention radical prostatecto my only as comparison and prostate cancer recurrence, prostate cancer remission, prostate cancer curative, prostate cancer life span, prostate cancer prognosis, prostate cancer quality of life as outcome. Localized and high risk prostate cancer management were included in the study.Exclusion criteriaPopulation of women and men below the age of 50 were excluded. Articles published prior to 2011 and were not written in English language were excluded. Articles that were not free full text were excluded. Articles that did not compare RP+RT+HT with radical prostatectomy only were excluded.RESULTSThis search yielded 72 articles after inclusion criteria were considered. A total of 27 articles were used for final review after excluding articles that did not compare management options for treatment of prostate cancer.Treatment of Prostate Cancer with Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy (RRP) And Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection (PLND)Before we can lay emphasises on other possible treatments to pre vent biochemical recurrence (BCR) after RP, we have to talk about RRP and PLND. According to one of the studies cited in this systematic review, ten of 11 patients with histologically confirmed lymph node metastasis (LNM) showed a prostate specific antigen response (Winter et al., 2015). Three of 10 patients with single LNM had a complete biochemical remission (median follow-up 72months, range 31.0-83) (Winter et al., 2015). In five cases with single LNM prostate specific antigen fall et al., 2015). All of the additionally removed 30 LNs were completely negative (Winter et al., 2015).Treatment of Prostate Cancer with Radical Prostatectomy (RP), PLND and Hormonal Therapy (HT)The above combination therapies have been report to be commonly used for the treatment of metastatic PCa to lymph nodes and other neighboring tissues than localized PCa due to its higher efficacy and potency for the treatment of metastatic PCa. The jump article I will be talking about under this subtopic had a mean follow-up of 5.3 years and LNM occurred in 140 patients. An average of 10.9 lymph nodes was dissect from patient with pN1 through a method known as extended sentinel lymph node dissection (eSLND) (Muck et al., 2015). After the surgery, 121 patients with pN1 patients legitimate adjuvant ADT for a sort layover of time (Muck et al., 2015). Average survival year for recurrence-free survival (RFS), RFS after secondary treatment, case-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) were 4.7, 7.0, 8.8, and 8.1 years, respectively (Muck et al., 2015). RFS, CSS, and OS were significantly correlated with tumor staging (Muck et al., 2015).The second article focuses on the 67 Chinese patients with lymph node metastasis (LNM) after RP and extended PLND, and these patients received continuous adjuvant ADT. The median follow-up of this study was 46.7 months and 2 patients were lost to follow-up. BCR-free survival was recorded annually indicating 52%, 40%, 22% for the first 3 years res pectively and a more significant survival was observed in patients with 5-year BCR free-survival which shows a 93% free-local recurrence, 83% free-systemic metastasis and 96% cancer death-free (Qin et al,2015). Postoperative BCR-free survival was 27.5 months (Qin et al.,2015).Even though a lot of articles reassert the positive effect of HT as a treatment for PCa, we also have to consider the ominous effect of HT including clinical depression. According to lee(prenominal) et al, 2015, patients who are treated with ADT have shown to a significant prolonged depressive state (pet al.,2016). The depressive state in correlation to ADT is confirmed when compared to a control by indicating a p value less than 0.001 (Lee et al.,2016)Apart from the adverse effect associated with HT, metastasis have been reported after adjuvant ADT has been used for treatment of both localized and high-risk PCAa (Taguchi et al., 2014). Taguchi et al. reported 9 (4.6%) patients real metastasis and 6 (3.0% ) died from PCa. Eight of nine metastatic patients had a GS greater than 9 and developed a metastasis to the bone, while the remaining one had a GS greater than 7 and developed lymphatic spread (Taguchi et al.,2014).Based on the findings above, optimal timing of salvage ADT for BCR after RP is crucial. According to a study by Taguchi et al., biochemical recurrence was seen in one patients (2.0%) in the ultra-early group and seen in 12 patients (17.1%) in the early salvage ADT group (Taguchi et al.,2014). Only one patient in the early salvage ADT group developed metastasis to a left supraclavicular lymph node, and no patient died from PCa during follow-up (Taguchi et al.,2014).Treatment of prostate cancer with Radical Prostatectomy (RP) and Radiation Therapy (RT)In order to examine the effect of RT after RP, an article which compared outcome of patients treated with radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy and patients who were under active surveillance after radical prostatectomy (P etruzzeillo et al., 2014). Patients who were under surveillance had a longer follow-up but higher recurrence rate and short life-expectancy (Petruzzeillo et al.,2014). Another article was able to back-up this finding, indicating significant longer life-expectancy and dismay risk of recurrence (Gandaglia et al.,2014). However, the earlier administration of radiotherapy after RP is very essential. Studies had if indicated that patients who had ultra-early radiotherapy after RP had lower recurrence and longer life-expectancy (Azelie et al.,2012).A number of reports have associated early RT after RP to decrease risk of BCR and longer overall survival (OS). According to Gandaglia et al, patients with high risk score benefitted more from early radiotherapy compared to patients with lower risk oodles (Gandaglia et al.,2014). The risk scores were determined based on its association to increasing 5- to 10- year prostates cancer mortality rates with a p value less than 0.001 (Gandaglia et a l.,2014). the risk score was associated with increasing 5- and 10-year cancer-specic mortality rates (P et al., 2014).However, adjuvant RT after RP have shown to present with GI and genitourinary toxicities. A study indicating the use of real-time tumor-tracking intensity-modulate radiation therapy (RT-IMRT) as a much preferable RT for treatment of PCa with less adverse effects (Shinohara et al.,2013). In patient treated with RT-IMRT have shown to have break up quality of life with little or no risk of urinary and sexual disfunction (Shinohara et al., 2013). No patients treated with RT-IMRT after RP have gastrointestinal discomfort (Azelie et al.,2012). An article has indicated that earlier RT can lower the risk of adverse effect such as gastrointestinal and urinary dysfunction (Hegarty et al.,2015).Another concern is excessive treatment of PCa with RP+RT utilize standardized guideline. Patients who underwent RT after RP using this standard guideline 27 patients out of 163 patien ts had recurrence and 3 out 87 with PSAet al.,2014). Hence the other patients were over treated and therefore exposing them to preventable adverse effects.Treatment of Prostate Cancer with Radical Prostatectomy(RP), Radiation Therapy(RT) and Hormonal Therapy (HT)For the treatment of high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) different evidence-based therapies exist such as (RT+HT), (RP+RT), and (RP+RT+HT). RT + HT resulted in a longer life-expectancy which is always greater than 1 compared to RP+RT (Parikh et al.,2012). However, RP+RT+HT combination have a greater than 0.5 longer life-expectancy compared to RT+HT after considering their side effects (Parikh et al.,2012).Treatment of Prostate Cancer with Radical Prostatectomy (RP), Radiation Therapy (RT), Hormonal Therapy (HT) and Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NCHT).Patients with local and metastatic PCa are prone to recurrence after RP. Hence adjuvant therapies are required to quash biochemical failure and also prolong life-expectancy. Therefore, it is important to study the adverse effect of these combination therapies (RP+RT+HT+NCHT). The major(ip) adverse effect associated with these combinations are gastrointestinal and urinary dysfunction while leucopenia and neutropenia mainly for NCHT (Guttilla et al.,2014) and (Thalgotti et al.,2014). Gastrointestinal and urinary dysfunction are seen in low grade pathologically (Guttilla et al.,2014). Thalgotti et al.,2014 reviewed the percentile of blood toxicity after patients have been administered the combination therapies 90% had neutropenia and 53.8% leucopenia in the studied patients (Thalgotti et al.,2014).Effective Screening Test to Aid Prevention of Biochemical Recurrence (BCR)Eighty-eight miRNAs were place to be significantly (p36months) (Bell et al.,2015). Nine miRNAs were identified to be significantly (pet al.,2015). Based on the efficacy of the above result a new prognostic stick has been created, composed of miRNA-4516 and miRNA-601, Gleason score and lymph node sta tus (Bell et al.,2015).A study was done to respect which patients would benefit the most from RT after RP using 11C-choline PET/CT. In order to identify which patients would benefit the most from restaging 11C-choline PET/CT forwards RT, 11C-choline PET/CT was positive in 28.4% of patients (172/605) (Castellucci et al, 2016). Castellucci et al.,2016 categorized these patients based on staging Eighty-three of 605 patients were positive locally, 72 of 605 patients had systemic metastasis, and 17 of 605 patients had both local recurrence and systemic metastasis (Catellucci et al., 2016). At multi-analysis PSA, PSA doubling time (PSAdt), and ADT were signicant predictors for positive scan results, whereas PSA and PSAdt were signicantly related to distant recurrence detection (Pet al.,2016).Genomic classifier (GC) used to predict biochemical recurrence and distant metastasis in men receiving radiotherapy (RT) after radical prostatectomy (RP). Illustrating Den et al.,2015, the measureme nt of GC was used to predict recurrence of PCA at 5 years after receiving RT (Den et al.,2015). A multi-analysis was done which no correlation between GC and PSA before RP. However, patients with low GC had no significance recurrence at 5 years after RT while patients with high GC had recurrence at 5 years after RT (Den et al.,2015).DISCUSSIONThis reviews attempted to manage the question Can adjuvant therapy be used in patients that have undergone radical prostatectomy to prevent local recurrences? The general collective consensus of articles included in this review supported the hypothesis that in the treatment of aggressive and metastatic prostate cancer, patients who undergo radical prostatectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy with hormonal therapy have less recurrence rate in comparison to those who receive radical prostatectomy alone due to its additive curative effect (Parikh et al.,2012 Kyrdalen et al.,2012 Hayachi et al., 2012 Shinohara et al.,2013 Kaplan et al.,2013 Linder et a l.,2013 Azelie et al.,2012 Miyake et al.,2014 Taguchi et al.,2014 Muck et al.,2014 Gandaglia et al,2015 Den et al.,2014 Castellucci et al.,2014 Lee M. et al., 2015 Kang et al.,2014 Thalgotti et al.,2014 Sato et al.,2014 Gutilla et al.,2014 Kim et al.,2016 Rosenkrantz et al.,2015 Petruzzeillo et al.,2014Den et al.,2014 Lee J. et al.,2015 Qin et al.,2015 Mizowaki et al,2015 Winter et al.,2015 Bell et al,2015 Hegarty et al.,2015 Den et al., 2015 Taguchi et al.,2014). Only one article concluded that patient with High Gleason score (GS) carry a risk of bone metastasis and cancer specific-death after RP with ADT (Taguchi et al.,2014). Seven articles laid more emphasise on the combination therapys adverse effects such as gastrointestinal, genitourinary toxicities and sexual dysfunction (Shinohara et al.,2013) and specifically diabetes mellitus, heart disease, osteoporosis (Parikh et al.,2012) and depression for HT (Lee M. et al.,2015). However, few articles addressed these adverse effects by recommending ultra-early RT after RP (Azelia et al.,2012 and Hegarty et al.,2015) and early HT after RP (Taguchi et al.,2014 and Sato et al., 2014).However, early RT after RP does not only reduce gastrointestinal and gastrourinary toxicities but it also prolongs quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) and lowers biochemical recurrence (BCR) (Azelie et al.,2012, Sato et al.,2014 and Gandgalia et al.,2014). Radiotherapy such as Real-time tumor-tracking intensity-modulated RT (RT-IMRT) may be a better treatment for localized PCa even though it has a similar effect as RP because of the adverse effects associated with RP such as urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction (Azelie et al.,2012). Hence, better quality of life with RT compared to RP (Shinohara et al.,2013).An article compared RT after RP with observation alone (OA) after RP which reviewed 87.1% to 30% biochemical progression-free survival, respectively (Petruzzeillo et al.,2014). This result lays further emphasises on the efficacy of RT after RP.Despite all the articles emphasizing the efficacy of adjuvant RT and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) after RP, there is concern for excessive treatment of PCa using AUA/ASTRO guideline on adjuvant RT. A particular article stretched on the concern by concluding that patients treated with RT who met the AUA/ASTRO guideline should be carefully considered to prevent excessive treatment (Kang et al., 2014). This is because in the article, among 163 patients with high risk BCR according to AUA/ASTRO guideline, only 27 patients developed BCR and treated with RT (Kang et al., 2014). In addition, in 87 patients with pre-operative PSAet al., 2014).Some articles (Gutilla et al,2014 Gutilla et al,2014 and Thalgott et al.,2014) considered the effectivity of screening test on predicting biochemical failure in order to prevent BCR after RP.Several screening test were considered and tested. Specific miRNA (miR-4516 and miR-601), 11C-Choline PET/CT, Genomic Classifier (GC) and whole-lesion histogram presumable diffusion coefficient (ADC) metric have sensitivity and specificity for BCR after RP (Bell et al.,2015 Castellucci et al.,2015 Den et al.,2015 Den et al.,2014 and Rosenkrantz et al.,2015). These screenings can help to identify specific treatment for BCR, for example, patients with low GC scores are best treated with RT only, whereas those with high GC scores benet from additional therapies (Den et al., 2014).Some studies verified that the trimodality therapy (RP+RT+HT) has shown an increase in quality of life expectancy (QALE) (Parikh et al.,2012 Guttilla et al.,2014 Kyradalen et al.,2012 and Den et al.,2014).Limitations of the search strategy include searching only one database (PubMed), only one source of information is used (database), only published data is included, only data from the last 5 years is included, only articles published in the English language are included, and only one reviewer is reviewing the abstracts. The major lim itation of this systematic review is use of more retrospective cohort than clinical trials and use of only free-full articles and also broad question covering several(prenominal) treatment options such as different types of adjuvant radiation therapies, hormonal therapies and inclusion of some chemotherapies.Future look into may consider comparing nonuple interventions in a single randomized clinical trial with several approaches to allow for better comparison across clinical outcome measures. Further research may consider more screening test to prevent overtreatment.APPENDICESFirst AuthorDate of Publication take up DesignLevel of Evidence reckon PopulationTherapyOutcomeAzelie C.2012Randomized clinical trial1b178 patients were referred for daily exclusive image guided IMRT (IG-IMRT) and 69 patients were the control groupIG-IMRT vs RP+IMRTPatients with low risk PCa treated with IG-IMRT had a more significant outcome compared to the control group (patient treated with RP + IMRT)Bell E.March, 2015Prospective Cohort Study without controls443 patients who undergone RT after RPmiRNAsmiRNA signatures (Notably, two novel miRNAs miR-4516 and miR-601) can be used as a diagnostic tool to determine patients who will benefit from additional therapy after RP.Castellucci P.Nov., 2015Case serial4605 patients treated with RT after RP.RT+RP vs ADT at the time of 11C-choline PET/CTAt the early stage of BCr after RP 11C-choline PET/CT should be suggested before ADT is administered.Den R.March, 2015Randomized Clinical ladders1b188 patients with positive margin of PCa at Thomas Jefferson University and Mayo Clinic between 1990 and 2009 were considered.Neoadjuvant HT, IMRT, salvage RT, ARTIn patients treated with RT after RP,genomic classifier (GC) was a good prognostic tool for determining metastasis.Den R.August, 2014Randomized Clinical trial1b139 patients who underwent RT after RP that were identified with pT3 or positive prostate margin.Using transmittable classifier to pre dict biochemical failure after RP+RTThe genetic classifier (GC) predicted biochemical failure and metastasis after RP +RT. Patients with lower GC may benefit from delayed RT, as debate to those with higher GC.Gandaglia G.August, 2014Randomized Clinical trial1b7616 prostate cancer patients treated with RP.Early treatment with RT after RP vs not receiving early RT after RPPatients with two or more adverse pathological characteristics at RP might benet the most from adjuvant RT in terms of reduced cancer specific mortality.Guttilla A.2014Randomized Clinical Trial1b35 patients with newly diagnosed high-risk localized prostate cancerIMRT, RP, ADT, docetaxel-based chemotherapyThis treatment phase for high-risk PCa indicated an acceptable oncological outcome.Hayashi S.July, 2012Retrospective Cohort Studywithout controls441 patients were treated with external beam RT as salvage RT because of increasing PSA levels following RP.RT after radical prostatectomyLymphatic invasion is reported aft er RT+RPVascular invasion is not associated with biochemical failure in PCa treatment.Hegarty S.February, 2015Prospective Cohort Study without controls4Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked database, we identified 6,137 prostate cancer patients diagnosed during 1995-2007 who had one or more adverse pathological features after prostatectomy.RT after RPRT after RP is associated with adverse effects such as gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicities while early treatment with RT is not associated with these adverse effects.Kaplan J.2013Retrospective Cohort Study without controls4577 men with LN metastases discovered during RP and 177 men underwent ART with no distant metastasesAdjuvant RT, RPART after RP in men with LN-positive prostate cancer was associated recurrence free-survival.Kang J.2014Retrospective Cohort Study without controls3b163 men who had pT2-3 with undetectable PSA level after RP who had metastasis.Adjuvant RT (ART) after RPART in pati ent who met the ASTRO/AUA criteria should be applied more selectively to avoid overtreatment.Kyrdalen A.2012Randomized Clinical Trial1b771 compliers were divided into four groups (i) no treatment, (ii) RP, (iii)RT without HT and (iv) RT+HTNo treatment vs RP vs RT vs RT+HTNo treatment group had the highest level of moderate/severe bladder outlet-obstruction.RP group reported more urinary incontinent compared to other treatment groups and also the highest prevalence of poor erectile functions.RT group reported highest gastrointestinal dysfunction and fecal leakage compared to RP and no treatment group.Bladder outlet obstruction and poor sexual drive were significantly associated with low quality of life.Lee J.July, 2015Prospective Cohort Study without controls4307 patients who underwent RP at Seoul National University Hospital between January,2006 and July,2007.RPAccording to this finding, SHBG may be useful in selection of candidate for adjuvant treatment following RP.Lee. M2015Obser vational studies with controls3b61 men with prostate cancer and their match control group (n=61) without cancerADTThis article indicates an association with PCa patient developing depression after receiving ADT.Linder B.2013Retrospective Cohort Study without controls4419 patients who received additional HTAdjuvant HT after RPAdjuvant HT after RP with high-risk PCa does not increase non-prostate cancer (such as cardiovascular disease) mortality, even in patient with multiple comorbidities.Mizowaki T.April, 2015Observational Study with controls3bPatients with localized PCa from the Japanese Radiation Oncology Study (JROSG) who were treated with RP before 2005 and those who received RT in 2007..HT, RTHormonal therapy was combined with radiotherapy which resulted in a longer life- expectancy.Muck A.March, 2014Retrospective Cohort Study without controls4819 patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa)Extended sentinel lymph node dissection (eSLND) and RP.The use of ESLND and RP in patie nts with low risk can serve serve as complete cure for BCR.Parikh R.Jan., 2012